Seminar 2: Green Energy Upgrades
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Green Energy Upgrades
7-9pm Feb 25, 2009
www.grotonlocal.org
1
Green Energy Upgrades:
Improvements to your heating systems based on Systems Design and Planning. • Why do them? – 1. Save the Planet – 2. Save Money ……….Intermission ………… • What’s involved and How are they done? – 3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets – 4. Collaborative Project Planning • Workshop for Groton households.
2
Save the Planet
• NOW! – Its much later than we think. Atmospheric CO2 = 387 PPM – Recent activity indicates scientists underestimated impacts.
• Permafrost emissions, glacial melting, deforestation, changing precipitation patterns
• HOW? – Conserve in all areas that cause Green House Gases (GHG). – Influence the process with votes and purchases. – Create a Plan for your home then Act on it.
• Replace Addictive and Harmful fossil fuels. • Invest soon so you can make money in the long run.
• Must have 80% cuts in Global CO2 emissions before 2050.
3
1. Save the Planet ( CO2 PPM )
387 PPM in 2008 350 PPM “target” 150 yrs of Fossil Fuel use Pre-Industrial Glacial
4
1. Save theClimate Change,yearsPPM Planet (150+ CO2 of Fossil Fuels)
5
1. Save the Planet (7-3=4)
6
5 Stages of Climate Grief
1. 3. 5. 7. DENIAL. We do not believe the science or that humans are the cause of global warming. ANGER We refuse to consider any substantial changes to our life style. BARGAINING We rationalize that warming won’t be all that bad and might even make life more comfortable. DEPRESSION We consider the risks, impacts and tasks ahead and the need for international cooperation to solve the problem and conclude that success is impossible. ACCEPTANCE We acknowledge the scientific facts calmly, and explore solutions to drive down greenhouse gas emissions dramatically, and commit to use non-carbon intensive energy sources. 7
9.
Question: Which house do you live in?
Denial
Anger
Bargaining Depression Acceptance
8
Save the Planet: Climate Change, EFFORTS NEEDED NOW PARALLEL CO2 PPM
Major Global Initiatives
– – – – – Developed Countries need to lead the way. Huge investment in new technologies and programs. Replace Coal. Global Carbon Cap-N-Trade and/or Taxes. U.S. must catch up and assume a leadership role.
Green Energy Upgrades
– Building Upgrades in the North must cut way back on Oil and Gas. – Utilize currently available low-carbon products and services. – Re-educate, reduce, reuse, recycle, re-localize!
9
Major Global Initiatives needed to solve global energy and environmental challenges.
Fossil Fuels
• conventional oil & gas… not enough resources? • coal, tar sands, oil shale… not enough atmosphere?
Sustainable Fuels
• biomass… not enough land? • wind & hydro… not enough good sites? • photovoltaics… too expensive? • nuclear fission… too unforgiving? not enough Uranium? • nuclear fusion… too difficult? • hydrogen… energy to make it?, means to store it? • end-use efficiency… not enough smart end users? 10
Critical Timing of Upgrades and Major Global Initiatives
Major Global Initiatives Upgrades
350
11
Randy’s reading list on Climate Change and Sustainable Strategies
• • • • • • • Hot, Flat and Crowded, The Weather Makers, Deep Economy, Boiling Point, Plan B 3.0, An Inconvenient Truth, Earth: The Sequel, Tom Friedman Tim Flannery Bill McKibben Ross Gelbspan Lester Brown Al Gore Fred Krupp / Miriam Horn
12
4.Household Energy and Emissions. Collaborative Project Planning
Air miles Garbage 0% 10% Car 2 distance 9% Electricity 20% Natural gas 0% Propane 0% Car 1 distance 14%
Don’t ignore the costliest and biggest emitter
Heating oil 47%
13
Oil Price Volatility and Trend Upward
.
Avg 10%
14
Saving Money: Comparing First Year Fuel Costs
2008-2009 Home Heating Estimates (100M BTU house in Groton, MA) $4,500 $4,000 $3,500 $3,000 $2,500 $2,000 $1,500 $1,000 $500 $0
il Hy dr on ic O il St ea El m ec tR es is ta nc e
Cost Savings compared to Oil
G as
Pr op an e
Ai r2 Ai r
Pe lle ts
Lo op
at ur al
-C lo se d
Pu
W
ea t
eo
H
G
G
eo
-O pe
m p
O
N
oo d
n
Lo
op
15
Saving Money: 2 ways to evaluate cost benefits
Internal Rate of Return (%) vs Payback (Years)
Net Savings with escalating Fuel prices
+
0
-
Years after Initial Cost
16
Intermission
17
3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets
Solar Thermal: Vertical Air Collectors on South Wall
18
2. Efficiency, IRR andHeat Pumps, Wood Pellets 3. Solar, Geothermal BTU/$ …. Save Money
SolarPathfinder
-South? -Obstructions?
-Software calculates net insolation.
19
2.Initial estimate ofandHeat Pumps, Wood Pellets Efficiency, IRR monthly Solar Save Money 3. Solar, Geothermal BTU/$ …. contribution.
Insolation (50% eff, with Albedo, 90 degree slope) vs Total House Load
14,000,000 12,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0 Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May BTU Insolation BTU Load
20
3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets
21
3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets
10% Bleed to Dry Well
90% Returns to Well
Geothermal “Open” Loop Design (Standing Column Well) Great solution for homes that need heating, AC and domestic hot water 22
3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets Heating Flow Chart
Earth Coupling Ground Water Heat Pump Refrigerant Distribution Hydronic Fluid/Air 115/80 25 38 45 Expanded/Compressed Gas/liquid cycling
23
135 95/65
“Dual Fuel” Design using Oil as back-up.
Standing Column Well 20gpm , pump @ 300’ Heat Pump
geo oil
34,000 BTU/hr Fan coil To Ducts 26,000 BTU / hr 3 zones / baseboards
Acc. Tank
80000 BTU Boiler 3-way valve
24
2. Efficiency, IRR and BTU/$ ….Wood Pellets 3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Save Money
On-line Wood pellet boiler cost estimator.
25
4. Collaborative Project Planning
(Comparing Quick Fixes to Green Energy Upgrades) • Quick Fixes help but they are not enough.
– – – – – – Weather-strip and caulk windows, doors and outlets. Tune-Up and Clean the Heating system(s). Add insulation. Improve Window Coverings Reduce heat to unused spaces Modest Life style changes
• Bottom line: $500 to $5000
– – – – Can reduce Heating Bills by 20% Payback (0 - 5 yrs). Limited planning. Assumes continued primary use of oil or gas. Piecemeal approach. Low hanging fruit. 26
4. Collaborative Project Planning
(Comparing Quick Fixes to Green Energy Upgrades)
Green Energy Upgrades
Avoid 20 more years Of Fossil Fuels Save $50,000 to $200,000
•Bottom line: $5000 to $50,000
–Can reduce Energy Bills by 50% to 70% –Involves sustainable mix of fuels and much more efficient systems. –Looks at the overall system (enclosure, heating system, dhw, AC, health) –Require more planning and investment. –Payback < 10 yrs. IRR > 10% over life of systems. 27
4. Collaborative Project Planning
Step #1. Homeowner Review and Preparation • Collect utility bills for oil, gas and electricity. • Find or create plot plan. (property lines, house location and wetlands). Step #2. Site Survey, Analysis and Report • Perform Enclosure, Site, Heating Systems and Solar Surveys. • Provide preliminary estimates and assess feasibility of sustainable systems (solar, geothermal, conservation and wood pellets for space heating and supplemental domestic hot water). • Costs $150 for Groton Local and NRWA members. • Can be used as a basis for obtaining competitive, budgetary quotes. Refundable in Step #3.
28
4. Collaborative Project Planning
Step #3. Project Design and Cost Estimates • Define space, power, access and site work for Heating, Cooling and DHW with or w/o Solar thermal. • Estimate Initial costs, paybacks, IRR, Incentives and Rebates associated with 50% or greater reduction in operating costs and emissions. • Draft Design/Build contract for best alternative. • Costs $500 for Groton Local and NRWA members. • Can be used as a basis for obtaining competitive, firm estimates. Refundable in Step #4. Step #4. Contract Award for Installation and Support
29
Workshop
Spreadsheets to calculate your
Carbon Footprint
gallons
Item Garbage Electricity Natural gas Propane Heating oil Car 1 distance Car 2 distance Air miles Occupants CO2 lbs Quantity Units per year 32 gal/week 3,328 7,500 kWh/year 10,275 0 therms/year 0 0 gal/year 0 550 10,000 5,000 0 2 gal/year miles/year miles/year miles/year people 12,315 6,667 4,000 0
Energy Cost Savings
925 100,122,000 Variable unit cost Eff % $2.200 82% $2.200 50% $0.130 99% $2.900 86% $2.350 90% $0.130 200% $0.143 85% $0.130 340% $0.130 490% yearly load
Fuel Oil Hydronic Oil Steam Elect Resistance Propane Natural Gas Heat Pump Air2Air Wood Pellets Geo - Closed Loop Geo - Open Loop
Yrly Fuel Costs $2,035.00 $3,337.40 $3,852.13 $3,692.71 $2,614.30 $2,325.37 $2,098.14 $1,367.87 $949.13
Total
36,584
30
Green Energy Upgrades
7-9pm Feb 25, 2009
www.grotonlocal.org
1
Green Energy Upgrades:
Improvements to your heating systems based on Systems Design and Planning. • Why do them? – 1. Save the Planet – 2. Save Money ……….Intermission ………… • What’s involved and How are they done? – 3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets – 4. Collaborative Project Planning • Workshop for Groton households.
2
Save the Planet
• NOW! – Its much later than we think. Atmospheric CO2 = 387 PPM – Recent activity indicates scientists underestimated impacts.
• Permafrost emissions, glacial melting, deforestation, changing precipitation patterns
• HOW? – Conserve in all areas that cause Green House Gases (GHG). – Influence the process with votes and purchases. – Create a Plan for your home then Act on it.
• Replace Addictive and Harmful fossil fuels. • Invest soon so you can make money in the long run.
• Must have 80% cuts in Global CO2 emissions before 2050.
3
1. Save the Planet ( CO2 PPM )
387 PPM in 2008 350 PPM “target” 150 yrs of Fossil Fuel use Pre-Industrial Glacial
4
1. Save theClimate Change,yearsPPM Planet (150+ CO2 of Fossil Fuels)
5
1. Save the Planet (7-3=4)
6
5 Stages of Climate Grief
1. 3. 5. 7. DENIAL. We do not believe the science or that humans are the cause of global warming. ANGER We refuse to consider any substantial changes to our life style. BARGAINING We rationalize that warming won’t be all that bad and might even make life more comfortable. DEPRESSION We consider the risks, impacts and tasks ahead and the need for international cooperation to solve the problem and conclude that success is impossible. ACCEPTANCE We acknowledge the scientific facts calmly, and explore solutions to drive down greenhouse gas emissions dramatically, and commit to use non-carbon intensive energy sources. 7
9.
Question: Which house do you live in?
Denial
Anger
Bargaining Depression Acceptance
8
Save the Planet: Climate Change, EFFORTS NEEDED NOW PARALLEL CO2 PPM
Major Global Initiatives
– – – – – Developed Countries need to lead the way. Huge investment in new technologies and programs. Replace Coal. Global Carbon Cap-N-Trade and/or Taxes. U.S. must catch up and assume a leadership role.
Green Energy Upgrades
– Building Upgrades in the North must cut way back on Oil and Gas. – Utilize currently available low-carbon products and services. – Re-educate, reduce, reuse, recycle, re-localize!
9
Major Global Initiatives needed to solve global energy and environmental challenges.
Fossil Fuels
• conventional oil & gas… not enough resources? • coal, tar sands, oil shale… not enough atmosphere?
Sustainable Fuels
• biomass… not enough land? • wind & hydro… not enough good sites? • photovoltaics… too expensive? • nuclear fission… too unforgiving? not enough Uranium? • nuclear fusion… too difficult? • hydrogen… energy to make it?, means to store it? • end-use efficiency… not enough smart end users? 10
Critical Timing of Upgrades and Major Global Initiatives
Major Global Initiatives Upgrades
350
11
Randy’s reading list on Climate Change and Sustainable Strategies
• • • • • • • Hot, Flat and Crowded, The Weather Makers, Deep Economy, Boiling Point, Plan B 3.0, An Inconvenient Truth, Earth: The Sequel, Tom Friedman Tim Flannery Bill McKibben Ross Gelbspan Lester Brown Al Gore Fred Krupp / Miriam Horn
12
4.Household Energy and Emissions. Collaborative Project Planning
Air miles Garbage 0% 10% Car 2 distance 9% Electricity 20% Natural gas 0% Propane 0% Car 1 distance 14%
Don’t ignore the costliest and biggest emitter
Heating oil 47%
13
Oil Price Volatility and Trend Upward
.
Avg 10%
14
Saving Money: Comparing First Year Fuel Costs
2008-2009 Home Heating Estimates (100M BTU house in Groton, MA) $4,500 $4,000 $3,500 $3,000 $2,500 $2,000 $1,500 $1,000 $500 $0
il Hy dr on ic O il St ea El m ec tR es is ta nc e
Cost Savings compared to Oil
G as
Pr op an e
Ai r2 Ai r
Pe lle ts
Lo op
at ur al
-C lo se d
Pu
W
ea t
eo
H
G
G
eo
-O pe
m p
O
N
oo d
n
Lo
op
15
Saving Money: 2 ways to evaluate cost benefits
Internal Rate of Return (%) vs Payback (Years)
Net Savings with escalating Fuel prices
+
0
-
Years after Initial Cost
16
Intermission
17
3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets
Solar Thermal: Vertical Air Collectors on South Wall
18
2. Efficiency, IRR andHeat Pumps, Wood Pellets 3. Solar, Geothermal BTU/$ …. Save Money
SolarPathfinder
-South? -Obstructions?
-Software calculates net insolation.
19
2.Initial estimate ofandHeat Pumps, Wood Pellets Efficiency, IRR monthly Solar Save Money 3. Solar, Geothermal BTU/$ …. contribution.
Insolation (50% eff, with Albedo, 90 degree slope) vs Total House Load
14,000,000 12,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0 Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May BTU Insolation BTU Load
20
3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets
21
3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets
10% Bleed to Dry Well
90% Returns to Well
Geothermal “Open” Loop Design (Standing Column Well) Great solution for homes that need heating, AC and domestic hot water 22
3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Wood Pellets Heating Flow Chart
Earth Coupling Ground Water Heat Pump Refrigerant Distribution Hydronic Fluid/Air 115/80 25 38 45 Expanded/Compressed Gas/liquid cycling
23
135 95/65
“Dual Fuel” Design using Oil as back-up.
Standing Column Well 20gpm , pump @ 300’ Heat Pump
geo oil
34,000 BTU/hr Fan coil To Ducts 26,000 BTU / hr 3 zones / baseboards
Acc. Tank
80000 BTU Boiler 3-way valve
24
2. Efficiency, IRR and BTU/$ ….Wood Pellets 3. Solar, Geothermal Heat Pumps, Save Money
On-line Wood pellet boiler cost estimator.
25
4. Collaborative Project Planning
(Comparing Quick Fixes to Green Energy Upgrades) • Quick Fixes help but they are not enough.
– – – – – – Weather-strip and caulk windows, doors and outlets. Tune-Up and Clean the Heating system(s). Add insulation. Improve Window Coverings Reduce heat to unused spaces Modest Life style changes
• Bottom line: $500 to $5000
– – – – Can reduce Heating Bills by 20% Payback (0 - 5 yrs). Limited planning. Assumes continued primary use of oil or gas. Piecemeal approach. Low hanging fruit. 26
4. Collaborative Project Planning
(Comparing Quick Fixes to Green Energy Upgrades)
Green Energy Upgrades
Avoid 20 more years Of Fossil Fuels Save $50,000 to $200,000
•Bottom line: $5000 to $50,000
–Can reduce Energy Bills by 50% to 70% –Involves sustainable mix of fuels and much more efficient systems. –Looks at the overall system (enclosure, heating system, dhw, AC, health) –Require more planning and investment. –Payback < 10 yrs. IRR > 10% over life of systems. 27
4. Collaborative Project Planning
Step #1. Homeowner Review and Preparation • Collect utility bills for oil, gas and electricity. • Find or create plot plan. (property lines, house location and wetlands). Step #2. Site Survey, Analysis and Report • Perform Enclosure, Site, Heating Systems and Solar Surveys. • Provide preliminary estimates and assess feasibility of sustainable systems (solar, geothermal, conservation and wood pellets for space heating and supplemental domestic hot water). • Costs $150 for Groton Local and NRWA members. • Can be used as a basis for obtaining competitive, budgetary quotes. Refundable in Step #3.
28
4. Collaborative Project Planning
Step #3. Project Design and Cost Estimates • Define space, power, access and site work for Heating, Cooling and DHW with or w/o Solar thermal. • Estimate Initial costs, paybacks, IRR, Incentives and Rebates associated with 50% or greater reduction in operating costs and emissions. • Draft Design/Build contract for best alternative. • Costs $500 for Groton Local and NRWA members. • Can be used as a basis for obtaining competitive, firm estimates. Refundable in Step #4. Step #4. Contract Award for Installation and Support
29
Workshop
Spreadsheets to calculate your
Carbon Footprint
gallons
Item Garbage Electricity Natural gas Propane Heating oil Car 1 distance Car 2 distance Air miles Occupants CO2 lbs Quantity Units per year 32 gal/week 3,328 7,500 kWh/year 10,275 0 therms/year 0 0 gal/year 0 550 10,000 5,000 0 2 gal/year miles/year miles/year miles/year people 12,315 6,667 4,000 0
Energy Cost Savings
925 100,122,000 Variable unit cost Eff % $2.200 82% $2.200 50% $0.130 99% $2.900 86% $2.350 90% $0.130 200% $0.143 85% $0.130 340% $0.130 490% yearly load
Fuel Oil Hydronic Oil Steam Elect Resistance Propane Natural Gas Heat Pump Air2Air Wood Pellets Geo - Closed Loop Geo - Open Loop
Yrly Fuel Costs $2,035.00 $3,337.40 $3,852.13 $3,692.71 $2,614.30 $2,325.37 $2,098.14 $1,367.87 $949.13
Total
36,584
30
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